What happens to other bulbs in a series circuit if one bulb blows off. State why parallel circuits
are preferred in domestic wiring (minimum 2 points).
Answers
Answer:
The usage of parallel arrangement in domestic circuits has many advantages.
Each circuit will have the same potential difference which is equal to the potential difference of the supply line. As a result, each electrical appliance will work under constant voltage.
When two or more appliances are used at the same time, each appliance will be able to draw the current as needed. The appliances having low resistance will draw higher current and vice versa.
When distribution circuits are in parallel, then each circuit operates separately. So, if one of the distribution circuits gets overloaded, only the fuse in that circuit will be blown off. The other distribution circuits will remain unaffected
Answer:
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Explanation:
When we plug our strand of lights into an outlet, what will the current do? Let’s follow the flow:
Powering it up. When we plug our Christmas lights in, current starts flowing from our wall outlet.
Flowing along. It then moves along the strand of copper wire and through our Christmas light, making them shine brightly.
Coming home. When our current reaches the end of our strand of lights, it heads for a ground to get some rest, and so the cycle continues.
It doesn’t matter what kind of components you place in a series circuit, you could mix and match capacitors, resistors, LEDs, and a bunch of Christmas lights together and the current would still flow the same, from one part to another.
Now, this is where Christmas lights tend to have their downfall. What happens if you yank out one of those bulbs in your strand of lights? If your lights are anything like ours, then all of them turned off! Why is this? Think about it, if the current is flowing from light to light, and you disrupt that connection, then you’re cutting off the path on which the electricity is trying to flow. This is called an open circuit.
Current and Resistance in Series
There is a fundamental law of the universe to remember for how current and resistance work in a series circuit:
The more work (resistance) that a series circuit does, the more its current will decrease.
Makes sense, right? As you add more resistance to a circuit, like some Christmas lights, or even a resistor, then the more work for your circuit has to do. Let’s say you take the circuit we introduced at the beginning of this blog that had one light bulb. Now, what would happen if you add another light to this circuit? Will both bulbs shine as bright? Nope. When you plug in that second bulb, both will get equally dim, because you have added more resistance to your circuit, which decreases the flow of current.
simple-circuit-two-light-bulbs
Adding another light bulb in series decreases the current because our battery now has more work to do!
But how do you go about figuring out how much resistance you have in a series circuit? You just add all of the different resistance values together. For example, in the circuit below we have two resistors, each being 10k Ohms. To get the total resistance in this circuit, just add all of the numbers together. That’s 10k + 10k, which comes to 20k Ohms of total resistance.
series-circuit
Adding our resistors together in a series circuit is easy, just add each one together.
And what would your current be in this circuit based on that amount of resistance? Here’s how you can figure it out.ohms-triangle
Using our trusty Ohm’s Law Triangle, we get the equation we need to use: I = V/R, or Current = Voltage divided by Resistance.
Plugging in the numbers that we know, we get I = 10V/20k. 0.5 milliamps (mA) are flowing through our circuit!
What if we took out one of the resistors? Now our equation is I = 10V/10k, and we’ve increased our current to 1 milliamps (mA) by reducing our resistance.
Working in Parallel
Now, wouldn’t it be great if you pulled out one of the bulbs in your strand of Christmas lights but the rest of them stayed on? If your Christmas lights were all wired in parallel, then this is exactly how they would behave!
In a parallel circuit, imagine your strand of lights all connected together. But instead of each bulb being connected one after the other, they are all connected separately, in their circuits like in the image below. As you can see, each bulb has its own mini circuit that is separate from the other, but they all work together as part of a larger circuit.
But how does the current flow in this kind of circuit? It doesn’t just follow one path; it follows all of them, all at the same time! Here’s why this is awesome – Imagine that you yank out one of the bulbs in this type of circuit. Rather than stopping your whole Christmas light operation, the rest of the circuit will keep on flowing because each light is not dependent the light before or after it for its source of electricity.
Current and Resistance in Parallel
When a circuit is wired in parallel, current and resistance start to do some strange stuff that you might not expect, here’s what you’ll want to remember:
In parallel circuits, as you increase the resistance, you’ll also increase the current, but your resistance gets cut in half as a result.
Wait, what? That sounds crazy! But think about it regarding your Christmas lights. As you add more colorful lights to your circuit, then you need to draw more current to power all of those lights, right? And so a magical thing begins to happen, the more lights that you add, the higher your current climbs, but that increased current has an opposite effect on your resistance.