What has been the impact of urbanisation in India. Mention three features.
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The impact of urbanisation in India :
(a) The urban population has increased to about 28° 0 (2001). There are now 35 ‘million plus cities’. Almost more than half of our urban population lives ’m' ‘million plus cities’. In 20" century, urban population increased by 8 times.
(b) Rapid urbanisation leads to lack of facilities like housm'g, sanitation, water, power and education, etc. Slums and other social tensions are created. Crime rate increases.
(c) It puts heavy pressure on transport. Heavy rush on roads creates transport problems like traffic jams, accidents, etc.‘ High urbanisation creates congestion and pollution. Reduces forest cover and agricultural land. This leads to ecological imbalance and environmental pollution.
(a) The urban population has increased to about 28° 0 (2001). There are now 35 ‘million plus cities’. Almost more than half of our urban population lives ’m' ‘million plus cities’. In 20" century, urban population increased by 8 times.
(b) Rapid urbanisation leads to lack of facilities like housm'g, sanitation, water, power and education, etc. Slums and other social tensions are created. Crime rate increases.
(c) It puts heavy pressure on transport. Heavy rush on roads creates transport problems like traffic jams, accidents, etc.‘ High urbanisation creates congestion and pollution. Reduces forest cover and agricultural land. This leads to ecological imbalance and environmental pollution.
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Urbanization is a population shift from rural to urban areas, and the ways in which society adapts to the change. It predominantly results in the physical growth of urban areas, be it horizontal or vertical. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008.
Causes:
Industrialization: Industrialization is a major cause of urbanization. It has expanded the employment opportunities. Rural people have migrated to cities on account of better employment opportunities.
Social factors: Many social factors such as attraction of cities, better standard of living, better educational facilities, need for status also induce people to migrate to cities.
Employment opportunities: In rural sector people have to depend mainly on agriculture for their livelihood. But Indian agriculture is depending on monsoon. In drought situations or natural calamities, rural people have to migrate to cities.
Modernization: Urban areas are characterized by sophisticated technology better infrastructure, communication, medical facilities, etc. People feel that they can lead a comfortable life in cities and migrate to cities.
Rural urban transformation: It is an interesting aspect that not only cities are growing in number but rural community is adopting urban culture, no longer rural communities are retaining their unique rural culture. Rural people are following the material culture of urban people. Urban rural transformation can be observed in the following areas.
Impact: With a high rate of urbanization significant changes have taken place. The effect of urbanisation can be summed up as follows:
Migration of rural people to urban areas.
Employment opportunities in urban centres.
Transport and communication facilities.
Educational facilities.
Increase in the standard of living.
Hope it helps. Please mark my answer as brainliest if it helped you !
Causes:
Industrialization: Industrialization is a major cause of urbanization. It has expanded the employment opportunities. Rural people have migrated to cities on account of better employment opportunities.
Social factors: Many social factors such as attraction of cities, better standard of living, better educational facilities, need for status also induce people to migrate to cities.
Employment opportunities: In rural sector people have to depend mainly on agriculture for their livelihood. But Indian agriculture is depending on monsoon. In drought situations or natural calamities, rural people have to migrate to cities.
Modernization: Urban areas are characterized by sophisticated technology better infrastructure, communication, medical facilities, etc. People feel that they can lead a comfortable life in cities and migrate to cities.
Rural urban transformation: It is an interesting aspect that not only cities are growing in number but rural community is adopting urban culture, no longer rural communities are retaining their unique rural culture. Rural people are following the material culture of urban people. Urban rural transformation can be observed in the following areas.
Impact: With a high rate of urbanization significant changes have taken place. The effect of urbanisation can be summed up as follows:
Migration of rural people to urban areas.
Employment opportunities in urban centres.
Transport and communication facilities.
Educational facilities.
Increase in the standard of living.
Hope it helps. Please mark my answer as brainliest if it helped you !
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