What is a free electron ? Explain conducting and non-conducting materials in terms of it.
Page 87 Chapter - 4.Electricity
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free electrons are found in the outermost orbit. take part in chemical reaction
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Electrons are fixed in the orbits around the nucleus of an atom. If energy is applied, outermost electrons break from the orbits and become free. These electrons are called free electrons.
In a conductor, free electrons are present at room temperature. When a potential difference is applied the electrons start to move in one direction which produces an electric current.
In an insulator, very few free electrons are present at room temperature so when a potential difference is applied these few electrons are unable to produce an electric current.
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