Question

What is a lone pair of electrons? How many such pairs are present in a water molecule? Draw

the structure of water molecule to explain your answer.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Water is a tiny bent molecule with the molecular formula H2O, consisting of two light hydrogen atoms attached to each 16-fold heavier oxygen atom. Each molecule is electrically neutral but polar, with the center of positive and negative charges located in different places. Each hydrogen atom has a nucleus consisting of a single positively-charged proton surrounded by a 'cloud' of a single negatively-charged electron and the oxygen atom has a nucleus consisting of eight positively-charged protons and eight uncharged neutrons surrounded by a 'cloud' of eight negatively-charged electrons. On forming the molecule, the ten electrons pair up into five 'orbitals', one pair closely associated with the oxygen atom, two pairs associated with the oxygen atom as 'outer' electrons and two pairs forming each of the two identical O-H covalent bonds.