What is a standard language discuss in detail the process of language standardization?
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Answer :
According to Wikipedia, 'A standard language (standard variety, standard dialect, standard) is defined either as a language variety used by a population for public purposes, or as a variety that has undergone standardization. Typically, varieties that become standardized are the local dialects spoken in the centers of commerce and government, where a need arises for a variety that will serve more than local needs. Standardization typically involves a fixed orthography, codification in authoritative grammars and dictionaries and public acceptance of these standards.'
The process of language standardization follows the following steps :
1. A single dialect or a new variety composed of features from existing dialects is chosen for the purpose of standardization.
2. An orthography is created for the chosen dialect or variety.
Oxford English Dictionary defines 'orthography' as 'The study of spelling and how letters combine to represent sounds and form words.'
3. The orthography is then codified through dictionaries and grammars, which are then regarded as authorities for correcting language.
4. The codified language is then used for official purposes and for mass media.
5. Over time, the standard language gains public acceptance.