Question

What is a taxonomic key ? Enumerate different types of keys used in animal
taxonomy. Distinguish between a catalogue and a check-list.
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Answer 1

Answer:

Taxonomy is the science of naming, describing and classifying organisms and includes all plants, animals and microorganisms of the world.

Explanation:

Taxonomy, in a broad sense the science of classification, but more strictly the classification of living and extinct organisms—i.e., biological classification. The term is derived from the Greek taxis (“arrangement”) and nomos (“law”). Taxonomy is, therefore, the methodology and principles of systematic botany and zoology and sets up arrangements of the kinds of plants and animals in hierarchies of superior and subordinate groups. Among biologists the Linnaean system of binomial nomenclature, created by Swedish naturalist Carolus Linnaeus in the 1750s, is internationally accepted.

Animals and other organisms are classified within a succession of nested groups that ranges from the general to the particular.

The usage of the terms taxonomy and systematics with regard to biological classification varies greatly. American evolutionist Ernst Mayr has stated that “taxonomy is the theory and practice of classifying organisms” and “systematics is the science of the diversity of organisms”; the latter in such a sense, therefore, has considerable interrelations with evolution, ecology, genetics, behaviour, and comparative physiology that taxonomy need not have.

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