Question

what is adaptive radiation, covergent evolution and divergent rvolution?

Answer 1

ADAPTIVE RADIATION
the diversification of a group of organisms into forms filling different ecological niches.

CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function but were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy. 

DIVERGENT EVOLUTION
Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related species populations, leading to speciation.


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Answer 2

~ Adaptive radiation is the evolutionary divergence of members of a single lineage into a variety of different adaptive forms. Usually the adaptive forms differ in their use of resources or habitats, and this divergence happens in a relatively short interval of geological time. In short, it's the tendency of a group of animals to evolve in response to selective pressures and adapt to their environments in different ways.

~ Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures that have similar form or function but were not present in the last common ancestor of those groups. The cladistic term for the same phenomenon is homoplasy.

~ Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related species populations, leading to speciation.Similarities between species that have diverged are due to their common origin, so such similarities are homologies.