What is antigen? Describe the types of immunity.Blood group.
Answers
When some foreign element (organism) enters inside the body of human beings then directly or indirectly some proteineous compound is produced which exhibits the specific characteristics of its own species. The proteineous compounds entered inside the body form antigen.
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Answer:
Antigen, substance that is capable of stimulating an immune response, specifically activating lymphocytes, which are the body’s infection-fighting white blood cells.
Types of blood group:
There are over 30 known blood systems, though the two main ones are the ABO and the Rh group. Our blood group is determined by the presence or absence of specific antibodies and antigens in our blood. Blood group antigens are found on the surface of red blood cells and are ignored by the immune system.
Types of immunity:
1)Innate or natural immunity
2)Acquired immunity
Innate or Natural immunity:
Immunity with which an individual is born is called innate or natural immunity.
Innate immunity is provided by various components such as Skin, mucus membrane, Phagocytic cells etc
Innate immunity acts as first line of defense to particular microorganisms.
Acquired or Developed immunity:
Immunity which is developed later in life after microbial infection in host is called as Acquired or developed immunity. For example, If an individual is infected with chickenpox virus, he/she become resistant to same virus in later life.
Acquired immunity is provided by Antibodies and certain T-lymphocytes.
Components of acquired immunity such as Antibodies and T- cells are specific to particular microorganism. Therefore acquired immunity is also known as Specific immunity