. What is assimilation?
. What is bile?
. What are villi? Write its function.
. List the main chambers of digestive system in ruminants.
. Why ruminants are able to digest cellulose present in grass?
. What is cud?
. Why ruminants are different than other animals?
. Explain the process of digestion in ruminants.
Write the role of small intestine in human digestive system
. Explain nutrition in amoeba with the help of diagram.
guys pls answer all of them
Answers
Explanation:
i) the absorption and digestion of food or nutrients by the body.
ii) Bile is a fluid that is made and released by the liver and stored in the gallbladder.
iii) small finger like projection present inside the walls of small intestine and these increase the surface the surface area for absorption
iv) the rumen, the reticulum, the omasum and the abomasum.
v)ruminants are able to digest cellulose found in the grass is because of the contained microbes that are responsible for the production of necessary enzymes.
vi)softened food is called the cud, and it is sent back up to the cow's mouth, where it is re-chewed before going back down into her stomach to be fully digested.
vii)
Answer:
Nutrition is the process by which we obtain food to survive and get energy. It is carried out by 5 steps.
Step 1 : INGESTION - The process of intake of food.
Step 2 : DIGESTION - The process of breaking down the ingested food into simpler compounds.
Step 3 : ABSORPTION - The process in which the blood absorbs the simpler compounds. The blood then carries these simpler compounds to all the parts of the body.
Step 4 : ASSIMILATION - The process in which the absorbed nutrients are used by the body for energy, growth and development by body is called assimilation.
Step 5 : EGESTION - During the process of digestion, some amount of food may not get digested. So in this step, the undigested food is thrown out or excreted from the body along with some faeces.
Many organs and glands help the body for the process of digestion, like liver, which is a gland. It also helps for digestion. It secretes a juice, known as BILE. This BILE juice breaks down large fat globules into smaller fat globules(this process is known as emulsification). The BILE juice is stored in the gallbladder.
In the small intestine, the digestion of the food gets completed. It includes 3 main parts, duodenum, jejunum and ileum.
The semi digested food received from the stomach gets digested in the small intestine with the help of digestive juices secreted by the liver and pancreas. The liver secretes the bile juice which turns large fat globules into smaller fat globules. The pancreas secretes pancreatic juices which breaks down starch into simpler sugars and proteins into simpler compounds called amino acids.
After complete digestion, the soluble food gets absorbed in the small intestine through minute finger like projections know as VILLI. These villi are present in the inner wall of the small intestine. They are richly supplied with blood capillaries, and also increase the surface area of the small intestine.
Human beings cannot digest cellulose present in grass, leaves etc, but animals such as cow and goat can. They can digest cellulose with the help of a bacteria present in their digestive systems. These animal are known as RUMINANTS. The stomach in ruminants is divided in 4 chambers, rumen(the largest chamber), reticulum, omasum and abomasum(true stomach). They are adopted to digest cellulose with the help of these 4 chambers.
The digestion in ruminants takes place in 2 steps.
Step 1 : They eat their food, half chew it, partially digest it and swallow it. This half chewed and partially digested food is known as CUD. In their leisure time, when they are relaxing, the cud comes back into their mouth in small lumps for further chewing. This process is called chewing of CUD or rumination, and that is why the animals are known as ruminants.
Step 2 : When the ruminants swallow the half chewed food, it enters the rumen where some bacteria act on the food to digest cellulose. The partially digested food is then pushed to the reticulum, from where the cud is sent back to the mouth for further chewing. When the food is completely chewed, it reaches the omasum, where the water present in the food is partially absorbed. The food is then pushed on to the Abomasum, the true stomach. In this chamber gastric juices are released and the digestion is further carried on.
HOPE YOU UNDERSTOOD :)