what is cell? explain..
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Hi..
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the body’s hereditary material and can make copies of themselves.
Robert Hook was the first scientist who observed cells with the help of a simple microscope.He observed the section of Cork through the microscope and called the tiny chambers seen in the section 'cell'.....
Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell. Human cells contain the following major parts, listed in alphabetical order.
Cytoplasm
Within cells, the cytoplasm is made up of a jelly-like fluid (called the cytosol) and other structures that surround the nucleus.
Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton is a network of long fibers that make up the cell’s structural framework. The cytoskeleton has several critical functions, including determining cell shape, participating in cell division, and allowing cells to move. It also provides a track-like system that directs the movement of organelles and other substances within cells.
Endoplasmic reticulum
This organelle helps process molecules created by the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum also transports these molecules to their specific destinations either inside or outside the cell.
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus packages molecules processed by the endoplasmic reticulum to be transported out of the cell.
Lysosomes and peroxisomes
These organelles are the recycling center of the cell. They digest foreign bacteria that invade the cell, rid the cell of toxic substances, and recycle worn-out cell components.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are complex organelles that convert energy from food into a form that the cell can use. They have their own genetic material, separate from the DNA in the nucleus, and can make copies of themselves.
Nucleus
The nucleus serves as the cell’s command center, sending directions to the cell to grow, mature, divide, or die. It also houses DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the cell’s hereditary material. The nucleus is surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear envelope, which protects the DNA and separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell.
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is the outer lining of the cell. It separates the cell from its environment and allows materials to enter and leave the cell.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are organelles that process the cell’s genetic instructions to create proteins. These organelles can float freely in the cytoplasm or be connected to the endoplasmic reticulum..
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things. The human body is composed of trillions of cells. They provide structure for the body, take in nutrients from food, convert those nutrients into energy, and carry out specialized functions. Cells also contain the body’s hereditary material and can make copies of themselves.
Robert Hook was the first scientist who observed cells with the help of a simple microscope.He observed the section of Cork through the microscope and called the tiny chambers seen in the section 'cell'.....
Cells have many parts, each with a different function. Some of these parts, called organelles, are specialized structures that perform certain tasks within the cell. Human cells contain the following major parts, listed in alphabetical order.
Cytoplasm
Within cells, the cytoplasm is made up of a jelly-like fluid (called the cytosol) and other structures that surround the nucleus.
Cytoskeleton
The cytoskeleton is a network of long fibers that make up the cell’s structural framework. The cytoskeleton has several critical functions, including determining cell shape, participating in cell division, and allowing cells to move. It also provides a track-like system that directs the movement of organelles and other substances within cells.
Endoplasmic reticulum
This organelle helps process molecules created by the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum also transports these molecules to their specific destinations either inside or outside the cell.
Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus packages molecules processed by the endoplasmic reticulum to be transported out of the cell.
Lysosomes and peroxisomes
These organelles are the recycling center of the cell. They digest foreign bacteria that invade the cell, rid the cell of toxic substances, and recycle worn-out cell components.
Mitochondria
Mitochondria are complex organelles that convert energy from food into a form that the cell can use. They have their own genetic material, separate from the DNA in the nucleus, and can make copies of themselves.
Nucleus
The nucleus serves as the cell’s command center, sending directions to the cell to grow, mature, divide, or die. It also houses DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), the cell’s hereditary material. The nucleus is surrounded by a membrane called the nuclear envelope, which protects the DNA and separates the nucleus from the rest of the cell.
Plasma membrane
The plasma membrane is the outer lining of the cell. It separates the cell from its environment and allows materials to enter and leave the cell.
Ribosomes
Ribosomes are organelles that process the cell’s genetic instructions to create proteins. These organelles can float freely in the cytoplasm or be connected to the endoplasmic reticulum..
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CELL : THE FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF LIFE
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
The cells are known as building blocks or basic structural unit of life. As the blocks can be joined in many ways to make the building of different shapes and sizes. In same way all living organisms are made differently of different shapes, sizes and by different number of cells.
The cells were discovered by ROBERT HOOKE , a English scientist with his home made crude microscope he examined a thin slice of Cork and observed that it had comb like structure. he called these thick walled room like structures CELLS .
DEFINITION :- A unit mass of protoplasm with different , shape , size surrounded by a plasma membrane.
Some living organisms are made up of single cell, called UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS.
e.g :- amoeba, paramoecium and bacteria.
Most of the organisms are made of many cells called MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS.
e.g :- Man , cat, mushrooms etc.
There are millions of living organisms. They are of different shapes and sizes. Their organs also vary in shape, size,and number of cells.
----------------------------------------------------------
cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ system → Organisms.
-----------------------------------------------------------
STRUCTURE OF CELL :-
All the plant & Animal cells have three main parts :- cell wall ( in plants ) or cell membrane ( in animals) and cytoplasm and nucleus.
Cell wall:-
it is rigid, protective, outermost covering found in plant cells only.
Cell membrane :-
also known as plasma membrane. it protects the cells, it provides shape to cell, it allows materials to enter and leave the cell through tiny holes.
Cytoplasm :-
is a jelly- like substance. it occupies the space between cell membrane and the nucleus.it has several different structures called CELL ORGANELLES which perform the various life functions.
Nucleus :-
dense body found in centre of the cell which controls all the activities of the cell.
Mitochondria :-
oval or rod shaped organelles commonly known as " power House of the cell".
Endoplasmic reticulum :-
it synthesis, stores and transports material within the cell.
lysosomes:-
They are suicidal bags , plant cells do not have lysosome.
Ribosomes :-
It is the site of protein synthesis.
Vacuole :-
the space within the cytoplasm of the plant cell containing cell sap is called vacuole.
----------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------
BEST OF LUCK ;-)
#akashmandal.
•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••
The cells are known as building blocks or basic structural unit of life. As the blocks can be joined in many ways to make the building of different shapes and sizes. In same way all living organisms are made differently of different shapes, sizes and by different number of cells.
The cells were discovered by ROBERT HOOKE , a English scientist with his home made crude microscope he examined a thin slice of Cork and observed that it had comb like structure. he called these thick walled room like structures CELLS .
DEFINITION :- A unit mass of protoplasm with different , shape , size surrounded by a plasma membrane.
Some living organisms are made up of single cell, called UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS.
e.g :- amoeba, paramoecium and bacteria.
Most of the organisms are made of many cells called MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS.
e.g :- Man , cat, mushrooms etc.
There are millions of living organisms. They are of different shapes and sizes. Their organs also vary in shape, size,and number of cells.
----------------------------------------------------------
cells → Tissues → Organs → Organ system → Organisms.
-----------------------------------------------------------
STRUCTURE OF CELL :-
All the plant & Animal cells have three main parts :- cell wall ( in plants ) or cell membrane ( in animals) and cytoplasm and nucleus.
Cell wall:-
it is rigid, protective, outermost covering found in plant cells only.
Cell membrane :-
also known as plasma membrane. it protects the cells, it provides shape to cell, it allows materials to enter and leave the cell through tiny holes.
Cytoplasm :-
is a jelly- like substance. it occupies the space between cell membrane and the nucleus.it has several different structures called CELL ORGANELLES which perform the various life functions.
Nucleus :-
dense body found in centre of the cell which controls all the activities of the cell.
Mitochondria :-
oval or rod shaped organelles commonly known as " power House of the cell".
Endoplasmic reticulum :-
it synthesis, stores and transports material within the cell.
lysosomes:-
They are suicidal bags , plant cells do not have lysosome.
Ribosomes :-
It is the site of protein synthesis.
Vacuole :-
the space within the cytoplasm of the plant cell containing cell sap is called vacuole.
----------------------------------------------------
-----------------------------------------------------
BEST OF LUCK ;-)
#akashmandal.
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AkashMandal:
click on red hearts abvove please.
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