Question

what is cleansing action of soap

Answer 1

Micelle forming.The hydrophobic end absorbs water and hydrophilic end absorbs hydrocarbons (dirt or grease)

Answer 2

The dirt present on clothes is organic in nature and insoluble in water. Therefore, it cannot be removed by only washing with water. When soap is dissolved in water, its hydrophobic ends attach themselves to the dirt and remove it from the cloth. Then, the molecules of soap arrange themselves in micelle formation and trap the dirt at the centre of the cluster. These micelles remain suspended in the water. Hence, the dust particles are easily rinsed away by water.