WHAT IS DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE AND SATYAGREH MOVEMENT CLASS 10
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Satyagrah
The idea of satyagraha basically emphasised the power of truth and the demand to search for truth. It suggested that if the cause was true, if the struggle was against injustice, then the physical force was not necessary to fight the oppressor. Without asking vengeance or being aggressive, a satyagrahi could win the battle through nonviolence. This could be done by appealing to the conscience of the oppressor. The common people – including the oppressors – had to be persuaded to see the truth, rather than being forced to accept truth with the help of violence. By this huge and great struggle, the truth was bound to ultimately triumph. Mahatma Gandhi had s strong that this dharma of non-violence could unite all Indians.
Gandhiji’s Satyagrah movements
After returning to India, Mahatma Gandhi successfully organised satyagraha movements in a number of places.
In the year 1917, he travelled to Champaran in Bihar to inspire the peasants to struggle against the oppressive plantation system.
Later in the year 1917, he organised another satyagraha movement to support the peasants of the Kheda district of Gujarat who were affected by crop failure and a plague epidemic. The peasants of Kheda place were not able to pay the revenue, and were demanding for the revenue collection to be relaxed.
In the year 1918, Mahatma Gandhi went to Ahmedabad to organise a satyagraha movement amongst the cotton mill workers at the mill.
The civil disobedience movement began with
The Salt Satyagraha was a huge civil disobedience movement initiated by Mahatma Gandhi against the salt tax imposed by the British government in India. Gandhi led a large group of people from Sabarmati Ashram on 12th March 1930 till Dandi, a coastal village in Gujarat, to break the salt law by producing salt from seawater.
How did civil disobedience movement start?
On 31 January 1930, Mahatma Gandhi sent a letter to Viceroy Irwin stating and imposing eleven demands. Among all the demands, the most stirring of all the demands was to abolish the salt tax that is consumed by the rich and the poor. The demands were needed to be fulfilled by 11 March or else the Congress will initiate a civil disobedience campaign. The popular salt march was started by Mahatma Gandhi and it was accompanied by 78 of his trusted volunteers. The march covered over 240 miles, from Gandhiji’s ashram in a place called Sabarmati to the Gujarati coastal town of Dandi. On 6 April he reached Dandi, and ceremonially violated the law, and started manufacturing salt by boiling seawater. This movement marked the beginning of the Civil Disobedience Movement.
Features of the Civil Disobedience Movement :
This was the first nationwide movement while all others were restricted to urban areas
People among rural areas also had an opportunity to register their participation
The participation of women was in large numbers
Kasturba Gandhi, Kamladevi Chattopadhyay, Avantikabai Gokhale, Lilavati Munshi, Hansaben Mehta like popular women led the satyagraha movement
Non-violence was the motto of this movement
On continuous suppression by the Britishers, this movement did not turn back
Due to this fearlessness, the Indian people were regarded as fearless