what is dispersal of seeds
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Seed dispersal is the movement, spread or transport of seeds away from the parent plant. Plants have limited mobility and rely upon a variety of dispersal vectors to transport their propagules, including both abiotic vectors such as the wind and living (biotic) vectors like birds.
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Seed dispersal is universally considered important for biodiversity conservation. The structure of the landscape has strong effects on the distances traveled by seeds, regardless of whether they are dispersed by abiotic factors (wind) or by animals. Therefore, any type of disturbance, such as habitat fragmentation or habitat modification by an invasive plant species for instance, is likely to change the patterns of seed movement, the patterns of seed recruitment, as well as the genetic structure of the plant populations. For wind-dispersed species, it is known that seeds travel much further distances in open landscapes than in dense forest, due to differences in the shape of the wind profile. On the other hand, plants depending on animals for seed movement are susceptible to dispersal failure when their seed vectors become rare or extinct. Disruption of the seed dispersal mutualism can have serious consequences for the maintenance of the plant populations.
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