Question

What is DNA fingerprinting?

Answer 1

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DNA Fingerprinting

Test Overview

DNA fingerprinting is a test to identify and evaluate the genetic information-called DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)-in a person's cells. It is called a "fingerprint" because it is very unlikely that any two people would have exactly the same DNA information, in the same way that it is very unlikely that any two people would have exactly the same physical fingerprint. The test is used to determine whether a family relationship exists between two people, to identify organisms causing a disease, and to solve crimes.

Only a small sample of cells is needed for DNA fingerprinting. A drop of blood or the root of a hair contains enough DNA for testing. Semen, hair, or skin scrapings are often used in criminal investigations .

A person who has DNA fingerprinting done voluntarily usually provides a sample ofblood taken from a vein. DNA testing also can be done on cells obtained by a simple mouthwash or a swab of the cheeks inside the mouth, but these methods are not recommended.

Answer 2

i) DNA sequence of each person is unique as that of the fingerprints.

ii) Due to this, identity of any person can be established with the help of its available DNA. This is called DNA fingerprinting.

iii) It is mainly useful in forensic sciences.

iv) Identity of the criminal can be established with the help of any part of its body found at the site of crime.

v) Similarly, identity of father of any child can be established.