What is effective nuclear charge give an account of screening constant and its application?
Answers
The inner electrons have less shielding while the outer electrons have more shielding, and hence the effective nuclear charge differs from orbit to orbit. However, all electrons in the same orbit have the same effective nuclear charge.
FOLLOW ME
PLZ MARK AS BRAINLIST
❤️❤️☺️☺️☺️
Answer:
(i) Screening effect : The inner shell electrons in an atom screen or shield the outermost valence electrons from the nuclear attraction. This effect is called screening effect or shielding effect. The magnitude of screening effect depends upon the number of inner electrons. Higher the number of inner electrons, greater is the value of screening effect. The screening constant is represented by 'o' (sigma). For example, across a period the electrons enter the same shell. Thus, shielding due to inner electrons remain same. Down a group, a new larger valence shell is added which increases the inner electrons and thus the shielding effect increases
(ii) Effective nuclear charge : Due to screening effect the valency electrons experience less attraction towards nucleus. This reduces the active nuclear charge (z) actually present on the nucleus. This reduced nuclear charge is termed as 'effective nuclear charge. (Z_eff).