Question

What is explain four instutional refore program introduced b government

Answer 1

Agriculture is considered to be the backbone of the Indian economy. However, agriculture in India suffers from various problems. Dependency of farmers on rainfall, their exploitation by the middlemen, exorbitant rates of interest charged by the moneylenders, use of old aged weapons are some of the problems from which the Indian agriculture suffers. In order to improve the condition of farmers and farming, some reforms were introduced by the government of India. These are:

Since, many peasants suffered due to the oppression of the zamindars, the zamindari system was abolished in independent India. Many states abolished the zamindari system beginning from 1949-51. Uttar Pradesh was the first state to abolish this system.All the states in India enacted legislation for the abolition of intermediaries in agriculture. This was done to bring the farmers into direct contact with the government of India.Most of the states passed the ceiling on landholding Act by 1959. The objective of this Act was to ensure that no farmer could posses more than a stipulated maximum size of a land. This Act aimed at promoting economic growth with social justice.The government of India had established many banks like the Grammen Bank of India and various cooperative societies to provide loans to the farmers at low rates of interests. This was done to ensure that the farmers do not suffer due to the high interest rates charged by the moneylenders and traders.The introduction of the Kisan credit Card scheme (KCC), Personal Accident Insurance Scheme (PAIS), provision for the insurance of crops against floods, cyclones, fire etc. has improved the conditions of farmers. Special weather bulletins and agricultural programmes for the benefit of the farmers are aired on television and radio.