what is federalism?with example
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Federalism is the mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government with regional governments in a single political system.
EXAMPLE ARE :
Examples of Federalism in Other Countries
As is to be expected, federalism in other countries is defined a little differently. Here are a few examples of federalism as it exists in other countries:
Australia
Australia’s federation officially began on January 1, 1901 – the very first day of a brand new century, give or take a year. When the United Kingdom colonized Australia in 1788, six colonies were established that would eventually go on to be self-governing. During the 1890s, referendums were held by each of these colonies’ governments to determine whether or not they would become a unified, self-governing “Commonwealth.”
The colonies all voted in favor of federation, thereby establishing the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. Australia’s federalism closely resembles that of America’s original model, though it substitutes a presidential system with a parliamentary system.
Brazil
A presidential system was established in Brazil in 1889, after the fall of the country’s monarchy. Federalism was established by Deodoro da Fonseca by decree, but every Brazilian constitution since the first in 1891 would go on to confirm this form of government, even if some of the newer documents would make some changes to the specific principles.
Power became centralized in Brazilian government in 1937 under President Getulio Vargas, with the establishment of an authority that would permit the appointment of state governors (“interventors”) at will. Brazil has gone on to become one of the largest federal governments in the world.
Canada
In Canada, powers are divided between the country’s federal parliament and its provincial governments. Canada’s Constitution Act of 1867, formerly the British North America Act, defines which powers are assigned to whom. Matters not covered by the constitution are normally handled by the federal government; however, there have been, and continue to be, long-standing conflicts over which level of government is entitled to jurisdiction on a variety of matters, including taxation and natural resources.
India
The Government of India (also known as the “Union Government”) rules over a federal union consisting of 29 states and seven union territories, and provides perhaps the most comprehensive example of federalism. India’s government is more complex than the governments of other countries, specifically because it operates on three separate tiers, each of which is assigned executive powers in accordance with the Constitution of India. In this way, India’s government resembles the United States, which also delegates powers to three separate branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch.
India’s government originally operated on the principle of a two-tiered system, as dictated by its Constitution, which consisted of the Union Government (the “Central Government”) and the State governments. The third tier, Panchayats and Municipalities, was added later on.
Presently, the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution assigns governmental jurisdiction to the three tiers by way of three lists: the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List. The Union List handles matters of national importance, such as national security, foreign affairs, and currency. Only the Union Government can make laws pertaining to these areas. The State List does what its name suggests, delegating power to the State governments to preside over matters involving State and local importance, such as police, agriculture, and trade.
Finally, the Concurrent List blends the two aforementioned powers together and governs matters of interest to both the State and Union governments, like marriage, adoption, education, and trade unions. Both governments have the authority to make laws pertaining to these subjects. However, should conflicting laws be drafted, decisions then default to the Union government.
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Federalism is the mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government with regional governments in a single political system.
EXAMPLE ARE :
Examples of Federalism in Other Countries
As is to be expected, federalism in other countries is defined a little differently. Here are a few examples of federalism as it exists in other countries:
Australia
Australia’s federation officially began on January 1, 1901 – the very first day of a brand new century, give or take a year. When the United Kingdom colonized Australia in 1788, six colonies were established that would eventually go on to be self-governing. During the 1890s, referendums were held by each of these colonies’ governments to determine whether or not they would become a unified, self-governing “Commonwealth.”
The colonies all voted in favor of federation, thereby establishing the Commonwealth of Australia in 1901. Australia’s federalism closely resembles that of America’s original model, though it substitutes a presidential system with a parliamentary system.
Brazil
A presidential system was established in Brazil in 1889, after the fall of the country’s monarchy. Federalism was established by Deodoro da Fonseca by decree, but every Brazilian constitution since the first in 1891 would go on to confirm this form of government, even if some of the newer documents would make some changes to the specific principles.
Power became centralized in Brazilian government in 1937 under President Getulio Vargas, with the establishment of an authority that would permit the appointment of state governors (“interventors”) at will. Brazil has gone on to become one of the largest federal governments in the world.
Canada
In Canada, powers are divided between the country’s federal parliament and its provincial governments. Canada’s Constitution Act of 1867, formerly the British North America Act, defines which powers are assigned to whom. Matters not covered by the constitution are normally handled by the federal government; however, there have been, and continue to be, long-standing conflicts over which level of government is entitled to jurisdiction on a variety of matters, including taxation and natural resources.
India
The Government of India (also known as the “Union Government”) rules over a federal union consisting of 29 states and seven union territories, and provides perhaps the most comprehensive example of federalism. India’s government is more complex than the governments of other countries, specifically because it operates on three separate tiers, each of which is assigned executive powers in accordance with the Constitution of India. In this way, India’s government resembles the United States, which also delegates powers to three separate branches: the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the judicial branch.
India’s government originally operated on the principle of a two-tiered system, as dictated by its Constitution, which consisted of the Union Government (the “Central Government”) and the State governments. The third tier, Panchayats and Municipalities, was added later on.
Presently, the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution assigns governmental jurisdiction to the three tiers by way of three lists: the Union List, the State List, and the Concurrent List. The Union List handles matters of national importance, such as national security, foreign affairs, and currency. Only the Union Government can make laws pertaining to these areas. The State List does what its name suggests, delegating power to the State governments to preside over matters involving State and local importance, such as police, agriculture, and trade.
Finally, the Concurrent List blends the two aforementioned powers together and governs matters of interest to both the State and Union governments, like marriage, adoption, education, and trade unions. Both governments have the authority to make laws pertaining to these subjects. However, should conflicting laws be drafted, decisions then default to the Union government.
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One of the most well-knownexamples of federalism is the United States. ... Federalism is a system of government that divides power between a political units and a central authority. Power is spread between a minimum of two units with powers divided between the parts.
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