what is From the book “THEMES IN WORLD HISTORY"
Chapter 1st: From The Beginning Of Time
“The process of recovery of fossils needs skill and patience”. Why ?
I want a suitable answer including both the segments (skill and patience).
Answers
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Two fundamental natural factors govern the process of fossilization:
The environment where an organism died.
The materials that made up the organism's body when it was alive.
The rapid burial of remains beneath a blanket of sediment is critical to the process of fossilization because burial separates the remains from the biological and physical processes that would otherwise destroy them.
Paleontologists use the term taphonomy (from the Greek taphos—meaning burial or grave—and nomos—meaning rules or law) to describe all the events that happen to the remains of an organism between the time that it dies and the time that it is buried. Many events can impact remains between these two events. For example, the remains may be scavenged, broken, or transported long distances before being buried.
Geologists characterize habitats where burial occurs as depositional environments. Depositional environments are almost always basins, or depressions on the Earth’s surface. Basins can range from very small (like a pothole in a road) to medium sized (like a lake) to global scales (like the Pacific Ocean Basin). Because of gravity, water flows downhill until it reaches a basin that it cannot move past; think of a river flowing downhill from a mountain that fills a lake below. Fast moving water may have enough energy to transport large amounts of sediment, including grains of mud, silt, sand, and pebbles. When the fast moving water collides with the slow moving water in a basin, the available energy decreases dramatically and the sediment can no longer be carried by the water and it is knocked out of suspension. This causes the sediment to be deposited in layers, with younger layers of sediment covering the older layers below (this is the Principle of Superposition).
The remains of organisms are typically only fossilized in depositional environments where sedimentation—and therefore burial—is frequent. Examples of common depositional environments are lakes, river deltas, and ocean basins. Organisms that live in these types of environments—or are transported to these types of environments soon after death—are much more likely to be preserved as fossils than organisms that live elsewhere. In general, organisms that live in or near depositional environments have much better fossil records than organisms that live far from such habitats. For example, consider the fossil-rich layers of marine shells
Explanation:
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HERE IS UR ANSWER
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Two fundamental natural factors govern the process of fossilization:
The environment where an organism died.
The materials that made up the organism's body when it was alive.
\fbox{Fossilization and the environment}
Fossilization and the environment
The rapid burial of remains beneath a blanket of sediment is critical to the process of fossilization because burial separates the remains from the biological and physical processes that would otherwise destroy them.
Paleontologists use the term taphonomy (from the Greek taphos—meaning burial or grave—and nomos—meaning rules or law) to describe all the events that happen to the remains of an organism between the time that it dies and the time that it is buried. Many events can impact remains between these two events. For example, the remains may be scavenged, broken, or transported long distances before being buried.
Geologists characterize habitats where burial occurs as depositional environments. Depositional environments are almost always basins, or depressions on the Earth’s surface. Basins can range from very small (like a pothole in a road) to medium sized (like a lake) to global scales (like the Pacific Ocean Basin). Because of gravity, water flows downhill until it reaches a basin that it cannot move past; think of a river flowing downhill from a mountain that fills a lake below. Fast moving water may have enough energy to transport large amounts of sediment, including grains of mud, silt, sand, and pebbles. When the fast moving water collides with the slow moving water in a basin, the available energy decreases dramatically and the sediment can no longer be carried by the water and it is knocked out of suspension. This causes the sediment to be deposited in layers, with younger layers of sediment covering the older layers below (this is the Principle of Superposition).
The remains of organisms are typically only fossilized in depositional environments where sedimentation—and therefore burial—is frequent. Examples of common depositional environments are lakes, river deltas, and ocean basins. Organisms that live in these types of environments—or are transported to these types of environments soon after death—are much more likely to be preserved as fossils than organisms that live elsewhere. In general, organisms that live in or near depositional environments have much better fossil records than organisms that live far from such habitats. For example, consider the fossil-rich layers of marine shells