What is geomagnetic activity and geographic coordinates?
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There are different ways of defining magnetic poles.
The most common understanding is that they are the positions on the Earth's surface where the geomagnetic field is vertical. These poles are called dip poles, and the north and south dip poles do not have to be (and are not now) antipodal. In principle the dip poles can be found by experiment, conducting a magnetic survey to determine where the field is vertical.
Another definition comes from global models of the geomagnetic field. Models of this type, such as the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) include an equivalent (but fictional) magnetic dipole at the centre of the Earth in their representation of the field. This dipole defines an axis that intersects the Earth's surface at two antipodal points. These points are called geomagnetic poles. The axis of the equivalent dipole is currently inclined at about 10° to the Earth's rotation axis. The IGRF can also be used to compute dip pole positions. These model dip polesdo not agree with the measured dip pole positions. The geomagnetic poles and model dip poles cannot be located by direct local measurement.
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The most common understanding is that they are the positions on the Earth's surface where the geomagnetic field is vertical. These poles are called dip poles, and the north and south dip poles do not have to be (and are not now) antipodal. In principle the dip poles can be found by experiment, conducting a magnetic survey to determine where the field is vertical.
Another definition comes from global models of the geomagnetic field. Models of this type, such as the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) include an equivalent (but fictional) magnetic dipole at the centre of the Earth in their representation of the field. This dipole defines an axis that intersects the Earth's surface at two antipodal points. These points are called geomagnetic poles. The axis of the equivalent dipole is currently inclined at about 10° to the Earth's rotation axis. The IGRF can also be used to compute dip pole positions. These model dip polesdo not agree with the measured dip pole positions. The geomagnetic poles and model dip poles cannot be located by direct local measurement.
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