Question

what is gymnosperm and its type explain​

Answer 1

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Gymnosperms are a group of plants which produce seeds that are not contained within an ovary or fruit.

Explanation:

      Characteristics of Gymnosperms:

Gymnosperms are, those seed plants in which the seeds remain exposed over the surface of the megasporophylls because the latter are not folded to form pistils.

1. Gymnosperms are a small group of seed plants which are represented by only 900 living species.
2. Gymnosperms are more ancient than the angiosperms. They formed dominant vegetation on earth some 200 million years back in mesozoic era. Today they are dominant only in cold areas, where instead of rain; snow is the source of water. At other places they have been replaced by angiosperms. In warmer areas only a handful of gymnosperms can be observed, e.g., Cycas (like C. circinalis in South India), Araucaria (native of South America, New Zealand and East Australia, like A. heterophylla.
3. All gymnosperms are perennial and woody, forming either bushes or trees. Some of these are very large and live for thousands of years, e.g., Sequoia sempervirens (tallest gymnosperm of 111.6 m) Zamia pygmaea is smallest (26 cm).
4. Flowers are absent. Two types of sporophylls, microsporophylls and megasporo­phylls are usually aggregated to form distinct cones or strobili, pollen cones (male cones) and seed cones (female cones) respectively.
5. Seeds do not occur inside a fruit. They are naked.

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