Question

what is hardy Weinberg theorem?

Answer 1

The Hardy - Weinberg Law:-
"In a large
Random- mating population
With No Selection,
With No Mutation or
With No Migration------,,,

The Gene Frequencies and
The Genotype Frequencies remain constant from generation to generation, and,

Furthermore, There is a simple relationship between the Gene frequencies and the Genotype Frequencies"

"A population with constant Gene and Genotype frequencies is said to be in HARDY-WEINBERG EQUILIBRIUM."

The relationship between Gene and Genotype Frequencies is of the greatest importance because many of the deductions about Population Genetics and Quantitative Genetics rest on it.

The relationship is this:
If the Gene frequencies of two alleles among the parents are p and q,
Then the Genotype frequencies among the progenies are
p^2, 2pq and q^2

For example let the Gene frequencies of A1 and A2 Genes in parents be p and q :-

Then the Frequencies in Progeny of Genotype A1A1 will be p^2

That of Genotype A1A2 will be 2 pq

And That of Genotype A2A2 will be q^2.

The conditions of random mating and no Selection, required for the HARDY-WEINBERG EQUILIBRIUM to hold, refer only to the Genotypes under consideration.

Two additional conditions are that the genes segregate normally in gametogenesis and that the Gene frequencies are the same as in males and females.

I just summarized in HARDY-WEINBERG EQUILIBRIUM what I teach in undergraduate courses of Animal Genetics and hope you will be helped by mutual understanding. Thanks.

Answer 2

Answer:

Explanation:

It states that there would be no change in the relative frequencies of different gene alleles in a gene pool, and therefore no evolution, in a hypothetical population that met five conditions: no mutation, no genetic drift, no immigration or emigration, random mating, and equal reproductive success of all members.

The reality is that these five conditions can never be met in any real population. Therefore, evolution is inevitable, and we can point to the violations of these five conditions as the causes of evolution.

It also shows that the laws of heredity alone do not cause evolution. Even if a certain allele is very rare, it is not destined to become extinct purely because of the laws of heredity, nor is a common allele automatically destined to become more common. Mendelian heredity is not the cause of evolutionary change.