Question

what is HF3 hybridisation

Answer 1

In Hydrogen Fluoride (HF) the central atom of fluorine (F) undergoes sp3 hybridization in which the s-orbital & p-orbitals mix together and superimpose to form unified four hybrid orbitals (1 s-orbital & 3 p-orbitals). The lone Hydrogen atom in HF bonds itself with Fluorine atom through the formation of a covalent bond (sigma) occupying one of the hybridized orbital, the remaining three hybrid orbitals contain three lone pair of electrons.
Thus, obtaining the molecular geometry that of a tetrahedral*.

*It is to be noted that the structure of HF is not a perfect tetrahedral like that of Methane (CH4) molecule, this deviation arises due to following factor:
Heterogeneous bonding, presence of one sigma bond and three lone pair of electrons.
Lone pair - Lone pair repulsion between the electron pairs .
Presence of highly electronegative Fluorine atom which distorts the electron cloud towards itself.
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Answer 2

HF3 follows sp3 hybridization and tetrahedral geometry.

• Here Hydrogen is the main atom and three fluorine atoms are attached to it. Hydrogen has one electron pair and Fluorine has seven electron pairs in total.
• Each of these atoms consists of a single lone pair. The single lone pair in Hydrogen attaches itself to the fluorine atom through a sigma bond.
• The remaining lone pair electrons bond with other orbitals. After bonding with orbitals we have four orbitals filled that is one s orbital and three p orbital. The presence of unpaired electrons also indicates the paramagnetic nature of the molecule.
• That's why the hybridization is said to be sp3 and the geometry it follows is tetrahedral.

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