Question

What is Inert pair effect ? Explain in detail with examples... :]

Answer 1

The inert pair effect is the tendency of the two electrons in the outermost atomic s -orbital to remain unionized or unshared in compounds of post-transition metals. The term inert pair effect is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation statesthat are two less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13, 14, 15 and 16. The term "inert pair" was first proposed by Nevil Sidgwick in 1927.[1] The name suggests that the s electrons are more tightly bound to the nucleus and therefore more difficult to ionize.

For example, the p-block elements of the 4th, 5th and 6th period come after d-block elements, but the electrons present in the intervening d- (and f-) orbitals do not effectively shield the s-electrons of the valence shell. As a result, the inert pair of ns electrons remains more tightly held by the nucleus and hence participates less in bond formation .

Answer 2

Hey bro!!!

▶Here is ur answer ⬇⬇⬇

➡ it is the tendency of the outermost electrons to remain unionised and unshared of post  transitions metals.The term is often used in relation to the increasing stability of oxidation state that are 2 less than the group valency for the heavier elements of groups 13,14,15 nd 16. 

for example:
1) In 3rd A group, thallium can exhibit +1 and+3 oxidation states but it is stable in +1 oxidation state only due to inert pair effect
2) In 4th A group , lead shows both +2 and +4 oxidation states but it is stable in +2 oxidation state due to inert pair effect


HOPE IT HELPS.