what is lungs and what are lungs is connected
Answers
Answer:
lungs are the respiratory organs of many terrestrial organisms like reptiles, amphibians, birds and mammals. lungs have a vast connection of blood vessels for the exchange of oxygen.
Explanation:
lungs are the site of gaseous exchange in many organisms mentioned above ..
they perform the function that stomata performs in the leaf.. they are the site of exchange of oxygen into the blood and carbon dioxide out of blood . Lungs have a vast connection of blood vessels which carry oxygenated blood out of lungs and deoxygenated blood into the lungs.
Answer:
LUNGS :- The lungs are a pair of breathing organs located with the chest which remove carbon dioxide from and bring oxygen to the blood. There is a right and left lung.
Explanation:
The lungs are the body's major organs of respiration. The two vital parts that make up the lungs are located on each side of the chest within the rib cage. They are separated by the heart and other contents of the mediastinum—the tissues and organs of the middle chest (e.g., the heart and large vessels, windpipe).
The lungs are shaped rather like an upside-down butterfly. The top, or apex, of each lung extends into the lowest part of the neck, just above the level of the first rib. The bottom, or base, of each lung extends down to the diaphragm, which is the major breathing-associated muscle that separates the chest from the abdominal cavity.
Each lung is divided into upper and lower lobes, although the upper lobe of the right lung contains another triangular subdivision known as the middle lobe. The right lung is larger and heavier than the left lung, which is somewhat smaller in size because of the position of the heart. At birth, the lungs are pinkish-white in color; however, with age, the lungs darken to gray or mottled black because of deposits of carbon and other particles that are inhaled over the years.
The root connects the lungs to the heart and the trachea (windpipe). Each root is made up of a main stem bronchus (large air passage connecting the windpipe to the right or left lungs), pulmonary artery (major artery that brings oxygen-poor blood back to the right or left lungs), pulmonary vein (major vein receiving oxygen-rich blood from the lobes of the right or left lungs), the bronchial arteries and veins, as well as nerves and lymphatic vessels.
A clear, thin, shiny covering known as the serous coat, or pleura, covers the lungs. The inner, visceral layer of the pleura is attached to the lungs and the outer, parietal layer is attached to the chest wall. Both layers are held in place by a film of pleural fluid in a manner similar to two glass microscope slides that are wet and stuck together. Beneath the pleura is a layer of elastic fibers that span the lung surface and extend down into its subdivisions.
The trachea splits into right and left main stem bronchi. These are the major air passages from the trachea to the lungs and are similar to the trachea in tissue composition. The main stem bronchi enter each lung and progressively branch off into more than 23 paired subdivisions. At every branching, the number of airways increases greatly.
The entire structure, from the trachea to the smallest bronchioles, resembles an upside-down branching tree, with the branches getting smaller and smaller as they get further from the trunk (the tracheobronchial tree).
The tracheobronchial tree conducts, humidifies, and heats air that is breathed in, or inspired. At its endpoints, the tracheobronchial tree connects with the blood vessels. The lining of the tracheobronchial tree is composed of columnar epithelium (column-shaped surface cells) and glands that produce mucus and serous (clear plasma) fluid. The cilia (hair-like projections on columnar epithelium) move in a constant, beating motion to cleanse the airways of foreign bodies and infectious organisms.
A watery "mucous blanket" - a gel-like liquid - covers and is moved by the cilia and aids the lungs' self-cleaning. Coughing triggers a high-speed flow of air that mobilizes the mucous blanket. The sputum produced by such mobilization contains mucus, nasal secretions, and saliva.
The essential tissue of the lung—lung parenchyma—is made up of clusters of spongy air sacs called lobules. There are about 130,000 primary lobules in each lung. Each lobule is approximately 3.5 millimeters in diameter and contains about 2,200 alveoli (air sacs and ducts).
Tracheobronchial branches that are larger than 1 millimeter in diameter and have connective tissue coverings are called segmental bronchi. The smallest subdivisions, which are less than 1 millimeter in diameter and do not have connective tissue coverings, are called bronchioles.
The final branches of the bronchioles are called terminal bronchioles. The bronchioles end in irregular, swollen projections known as alveolar ducts (terminal branches composed of special gas-exchanging tissue) and alveolar sacs (blind passages of alveolar ducts). The alveolar sacs are tiny, thin-walled, cup-shaped structures (250–300 mm2) are lined with a detergent-like substance known as surfactant, which reduces surface tension and prevents them from collapsing during breathing. Another substance in the alveolar wall, elastin, applies an elastic force to "shrink" the alveoli during exhalation. There are approximately 3,000,000 alveoli in the lungs.
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