what is marxism? how is it difference from communism and socialism.
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In classic Marxist theory, Communism is the final stage of the evolution of human socioeconomic relations. In the Marxist model, the feudal state is overthrown by the rise of the bourgeoisie, ushering in the capitalist epoch. Capitalism is then overthrown by the rise of the proletariat, which ushers in not communism, but the Socialist state. Each previous step is the necessary precondition for the next.
The socialist state is thus the pre-condition for communism, and its function is to alter the state of human material conditions in such a way that communism can function. The socialist state then "withers away," leading to the end of political power in any centralized form – including nation states, as communism as envisioned by Marx is to be an international system. Equally important is the disappearance of social class distinctions, which goes hand in hand with the end of political power:
When in the course of development, class distinctions have disappeared, and all production has been concentrated in the hands of a vast association of the whole nation, the public power will lose its political character. Political power, properly so called, is merely the organized power of one class for oppressing another.
These conditions all have to be met before the communist society can develop. In the most reductionist sense, socialism presupposes a strong centralized state, while communism follows once the state is no longer necessary. Marx summarized communism in this way: "an association in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all."
{Both quotes are from The Manifesto of the Communist Party. Three short works from which one can get a very basic understanding of Marx's political and economic theories are Wage, Labor, and Capital,The Manifesto of the Communist Party, and The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte.}
The socialist state is thus the pre-condition for communism, and its function is to alter the state of human material conditions in such a way that communism can function. The socialist state then "withers away," leading to the end of political power in any centralized form – including nation states, as communism as envisioned by Marx is to be an international system. Equally important is the disappearance of social class distinctions, which goes hand in hand with the end of political power:
When in the course of development, class distinctions have disappeared, and all production has been concentrated in the hands of a vast association of the whole nation, the public power will lose its political character. Political power, properly so called, is merely the organized power of one class for oppressing another.
These conditions all have to be met before the communist society can develop. In the most reductionist sense, socialism presupposes a strong centralized state, while communism follows once the state is no longer necessary. Marx summarized communism in this way: "an association in which the free development of each is the condition for the free development of all."
{Both quotes are from The Manifesto of the Communist Party. Three short works from which one can get a very basic understanding of Marx's political and economic theories are Wage, Labor, and Capital,The Manifesto of the Communist Party, and The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte.}
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