Question

What is meant by proto industrialisation.explain any four economic effects of the proto industrial system

Answer 1

Main features of Proto Industrialization-

1. Production was not based on factories.

2. Large scale home based production for international market.

3. Merchants move to country side and supplied money for artisans to

produced for international market.

4. It provided alternative source of income.

5. Income from pro-industrial production supplemented their shrinking

income from.

6. Helped in fuller use of their family labour resources.

7. Close relationship.

Many historians now refer to this phase of industrialisation as proto-industrialisation.


hope it helps u....!

Answer 2

The concept of proto-industrialization became an influential one in economic history in the 1970s and 1980s. The term refers to a system of rural manufacture that was intermediate between autarchic feudal production and modern urban factory production. Variously described as rural manufacturing, domestic manufacture, cottage industry, and a "putting-out" system, it was a dispersed system of production that used traditional methods of production and extensive low-paid rural labor to produce goods for the market, both domestic and international. Unlike modern capitalist manufacturing, proto-industrialization did not depend on rising labor productivity as a source of higher profits; instead, merchants increased the scale of their businesses by extending production to additional households and workers.Rural labor, often sideline activities beside agricultural workProduction for a market, often through urban-based merchantsExtremely low returns to labor -- squeezed laborLow technology, very low rate of technological changeExtensive rather than intensive growth