Question

What is meant by tenement ?
OR
Explain the reasons favouring shift from hand printing to mechanical printing in China.

CBSE Class X Social Science SA ( 3 marks)

Answer 1

(i) A tenement is run-down and often over crowded apartment house especially in a poor section of large city.
(ii) In the 19th century, more and more people began crowding into American cities including thousands of newly arrived immigrants seeking a better life. The population got doubled every decade from 1800 to 1880 in New York city. This led to the division of single family dwellings into multiple living spaces to accommodate the growing population.
(iii) These narrow low-rise apartment buildings also known as tenements were too often cramped, poorly built and lacked indoor plumbing and proper ventillation.
(iv) A full two-third of the New York city population was living in the tenement in 1900.
OR
(i) From 594 A.D. the books were printed in China by rubbing paper against the inked surface of woodblocks.
(ii) The imperial court got many textbooks printed for the civil services examination and remained the targets user of printed books in China.
(iii) By the 17th century urban culture developed in China and it added merchants, wives of rich men, scholars and officials who not only started reading printed books but also began to write their autobiographies.
(iv) In the late 19th century the western powers established mechanical printing press in Shanghai and shifted to mechanical printing.

Answer 2

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