What is ment by Radioactivity?
Answers
Radioactivity is when an atom (or part of one) falls apart, splitting into two pieces. Often, one piece is quite small, and comes out at a high rate of speed. When that piece hits something else, it can do damage. If that thing happens to be you, it can potentially burn you or alter your cells, throwing them out of kilter. It's called radioactive because of the way particles radiate out from the center.
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The phenomenon of Radioactivity was discovered by Henry Becquerel in 1896. He found that a photographic plate wrapped in a black paper was affected by certain penetrating radiations emitted by Uranium salt. Rutherford later showed that the radiations from the salt were capable of ionizing a gas. The current produced due to ions was taken as a measure activity of the compound.The phenomenon of spontaneous emission of highly penetrating radiations such as alpha, beta and gama rays by heavy elements having atomic number greater than 82 is called radioactivity and the substances which emit these are called radioactive elements.