what is meristamerisn
Answers
A meristem is the tissue in most plants containing undifferentiated cells (meristematic cells), found in zones of the plant where growth can take place. Meristematic cells give rise to various organs of a plant and are responsible for growth.
(i) Promeristem or priordial meristem:
A group of young meristematic cells of a growing organ. It is the early embryonic meristem from which other advanced meristems are derived. In a plant, it occupies a small area at the tip of stem and root. It further divides to form primary meristem.
(ii) Primary meristem:
These are derived from promeristem. They are present below the promeristem at shoot and root apices. These cells divide and form permanent tissues.
(iii) Secondary meristem:
It is derived from primary permanent tissues which have the capacity of division e.g. Cork-cambium, cambium of roots and inter fascicular cambium of stem
Apical Meristems – These meristems are located on the tip of the root, stem etc. They help in the growth of the root system as well as the shoot system. The various cell divisions along with the cellular enlargement help in the growth of the stem above the ground and the growth of the root below the ground.
Intercalary Meristems – The intercalary meristems are located at the internodes or the base of the leaves. The intercalary meristems help in increasing the length of the internode. This is usually seen in monocotyledonous plants.
Lateral Meristems – The lateral meristems are present on the lateral side of the stem and root of a plant. These meristems help in increasing the thickness of the plants. The vascular cambium and the cork cambium are good examples of a lateral meristematic tissue.
Answer:
The meristem is a type of tissue found in plants. It consists of undifferentiated cells capable of cell division. Cells in the meristem can develop into all the other tissues and organs that occur in plants. These cells continue to divide until a time when they get differentiated and then lose the ability to divide.