Question

what is molecular orbital theory in detailed​

Answer 1

Explanation:

In molecular orbital theory, electrons in a molecule are not assigned to individual chemical bonds between atoms, but are treated as moving under the influence of the atomic nuclei in the whole molecule.

Inventor: John Lennard-Jones; Robert S. Mulliken

Answer 2

Answer:

The molecular orbital theory was developed by F. Hund and R.S. Mulliken in 1932. The salient features are:

(i) Just as elctrons of any atom are present in various atomic orbitals, electrons of the molecule are present in  various molecular orbitals. We know the names of atomic orbitals like s, p, d and f orbitals but the  molecular orbitals will be having different names as well as different electronic distributions.

(ii) Molecular orbitals are formed by the combination of atomic orbitals of comparable energies and proper  symmetry.

(iii) While an electron in an atomic orbital is influenced by one nucleus, in a molecular orbital it is influenced  by two or more nuclie depending upon the number of the atoms in the molecule. Thus an atomic orbital  is monocentric while a molecular orbital is polycentric.

(iv) The number of molecular orbitals formed is equal to the number of combining atomic orbitals. When two  atomic orbitals combine, two molecular orbitals called bonding molecular orbital and anti-bonding  molecular orbital are formed.