What is molecular taxonomy?
and how do you study it?
Answers
Answer:
Molecular Taxonomy is the classification of organisms on the basis of the distribution and composition of chemical substances in them. Molecular techniques in the field of biology have helped to establish genetic relationship between the members of different taxonomic categories .
Explanation:
how do you study it?
Molecular systematics requires phylogenetic analysis as a tool for studying phylogenetic relationships of living organisms. Suitable molecular markers have been selected based on systematic questions. The wrong selection of markers leads to misinterpretation of phylogenetic relationships.
The field of biology that deals with the theory and practice of classification of organism is called as taxonomy.Taxonomy term was proposed by de Candolle in 1813 which means law of arrangements ( taxis- arrangement or order; nomos- law). It is the science of biological classification. It consists of three separate but inter related parts i.e. classification, in which we arrange organisms into groups or taxa based on their mutual similarity or evolutionary relatedness; Naming or nomenclature and identification which involves process of determining a particular isolate belonging to a recognized taxon.A speciesis a group of interbreeding natural populations that is reproductively isolated from other such groups. To identify all such types that lived or exist on this earth planet, several criteria are followed. Initially morphological features formed the basis of identification but then other features were also taken into consideration for this purpose.So far, more than 1.5 million species of animals,plants and microorganisms have been reported and it is estimated that the number of undescribed living species could be more than 3 million. Taxonomists claim that atleast 50 million species of different organisms have become extinct in this long course of evolution. Every species ofanimal and plant may exist in numerous different forms, for example, they may be found in two distinct sexes, age groups, seasonal forms and other phenotypic variations .We have noted the possible present forms of life on land but a large number of beautiful creatures are found to inhabit deep in the oceans. Still we find certain remote narrow regions in the oceanic zones where human endeavor to explore life through modern technology do not yield fruitful.