what is montreal protocol
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The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, is a global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances .
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The Montreal Protocol, finalized in 1987, is a global agreement to protect the stratospheric ozone layer by phasing out the production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances (ODS). The stratospheric ozone layer filters out harmful ultraviolet radiation, which is associated with an increased prevalence of skin cancer and cataracts. The United States ratified the Montreal Protocol in 1988 and has joined its four subsequent amendments. The United States has been a leader within the Protocol throughout its existence, and has taken strong domestic action to phase out the use of ODS such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons.
The Montreal Protocol has proven to be innovative and successful, and is the first treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries in the world. Leveraging global participation, the Montreal Protocol has sent clear signals to the global market and placed the ozone layer, which was in peril, on a path to repair. This unprecedented global cooperation to address an environmental problem prevented widespread global impacts such as preventing over two million cases of skin cancer per year by 2030, preventing increased prevalence of cataracts, averting damage to agricultural crops, and preventing disruption of marine ecosystems. By 2035, the Parties will have eliminated the vast majority of ozone depleting substances. The Montreal Protocol’s Scientific Assessment Panel estimates that implementation of the Montreal Protocol will allow the ozone layer to return to its pre-industrial levels by mid-century. Further information on the science of the Stratospheric Ozone Layer can be found on the NASA and NOAA websites.
The Montreal Protocol has proven to be innovative and successful, and is the first treaty to achieve universal ratification by all countries in the world. Leveraging global participation, the Montreal Protocol has sent clear signals to the global market and placed the ozone layer, which was in peril, on a path to repair. This unprecedented global cooperation to address an environmental problem prevented widespread global impacts such as preventing over two million cases of skin cancer per year by 2030, preventing increased prevalence of cataracts, averting damage to agricultural crops, and preventing disruption of marine ecosystems. By 2035, the Parties will have eliminated the vast majority of ozone depleting substances. The Montreal Protocol’s Scientific Assessment Panel estimates that implementation of the Montreal Protocol will allow the ozone layer to return to its pre-industrial levels by mid-century. Further information on the science of the Stratospheric Ozone Layer can be found on the NASA and NOAA websites.
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