what is oxidation state
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The no. of free electrons or protons in an atom
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The oxidation state, sometimes referred to as oxidation number, describes the degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound. ... The term oxidation was first used by Antoine Lavoisier to signify reaction of a substance with oxygen.
Specifically, it means the substance that gives away electrons is oxidized. When iron reacts with oxygen it forms a chemical called rust because it has been oxidized (the iron has lost some electrons) and the oxygen has been reduced (the oxygen has gained some electrons). Oxidation is the opposite of reduction.
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