what is rainwater harvesting
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What is rain water harvesting?
Rainwater harvesting is the simple process or technology used to conserve Rainwater by collecting, storing, conveying and purifying of Rainwater that runs off from rooftops, parks, roads, open grounds, etc. for later use.
How to Harvest the Rainwater?
Rainwater harvesting systems consists of the following components:
Catchment- Used to collect and store the captured Rainwater.
Conveyance system – It is used to transport the harvested water from the catchment to the recharge zone.
Flush- It is used to flush out the first spell of rain.
Filter – Used for filtering the collected Rainwater and remove pollutants.
Tanks and the recharge structures: Used to store the filtered water which is ready to use.
The process of rainwater harvesting involves the collection and the storage of rainwater with the help of artificially designed systems that run off naturally or man-made catchment areas like- the rooftop, compounds, rock surface, hill slopes, artificially repaired impervious or semi-pervious land surface.
Several factors play a vital role in the amount of water harvested. Some of these factors are:
The quantum of runoff
Features of the catchments
Impact on the environment
Availability of the technology
The capacity of the storage tanks
Types of the roof, its slope and its materials
The frequency, quantity and the quality of the rainfall
The speed and ease with which the Rainwater penetrates through the subsoil to recharge the groundwater.
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