what is reproudction and daygram
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Explanation:
Reproduction Definition
“Reproduction is the process of producing offsprings that are biologically or genetically similar to the parent organism.”
What is Reproduction?
Reproduction means to reproduce. It is a biological process by which an organism reproduces an offspring who is biologically similar to the organism. Reproduction enables and ensures the continuity of species, generation after generation. It is the main feature of life on earth.
Let us have a detailed overview of reproduction, its types and the modes of reproduction in plants and animals.
Types of Reproduction
There are basically two types of reproduction:
Asexual Reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
“Asexual reproduction refers to the type of reproduction in which only a single organism gives rise to a new individual.”
Asexual reproduction does not involve the fusion of gametes, and therefore, the offsprings produced are genetically identical to the parent. The organisms produced by asexual reproduction are less diverse in nature. This type of reproduction is practised widely by unicellular organisms.
The process involves rapid population growth and no mate is required for the process. However, lack of genetic diversity makes the organisms more susceptible to diseases and nutrition deficiencies.
Asexual reproduction is further divided into:
Binary Fission: In this, the cell splits into two each cell carrying a copy of the DNA from the parent cell. For eg., amoeba.
Budding: In this, a small bud-like outgrowth gives rise to a new individual. The outgrowth remains attached to the organism until it is fully grown. It detaches itself as lives as an individual organism. For eg., hydra
Fragmentation: In this, the parent organism splits into several parts and each part grows into a new individual. For eg., Planaria
Sporogenesis: In this type of reproduction, a new organism grows from the spores. These can be created without fertilization and can spread through wind and animals.
Also Read: Modes of reproduction
Sexual Reproduction
“Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction that involves the production of an offspring by the fusion of male and female gametes.”
In sexual reproduction, male and female gametes form to produce an offspring. These gametes are either formed by the same individual or by different individuals of the opposite sex.
This process is usually slow and complex compared to asexual reproduction. The organisms so produced are genetically diverse. Thus, they can evolve along with the changing climatic conditions. Humans and many multicellular organisms exhibit a sexual mode of reproduction.
