Question

WHAT IS STEAM DISTILLATION? PLEASE EXPLAIN.AND EXPLAIN ON WHICH LAW IT IS BASED RELATED TO GASEOUS STATE

Answer 1

Steam distillation is based on Dalton’s law of partial pressure. It is employed for those liquids which are insoluble in water, have high boiling point, and contain non volatile impurities, when the sum of the partial pressure of steam and organic compound vapours equalise atmospheric pressure it start boiling, the vapours are collected and condensed. Ratio of the number of moles of components in the distillate is in the ratio of their respective vapour pressure.
Steam distillation
Steam distillation is used to purify the substances which
are volatile in steam but are immiscible with water.
possess sufficiently high vapour pressure at the boiling point of water.
contain non-volatile impurities.