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first term =a1 =a+d
17 term =a17=a+16d
CASE 1 (SUM)
a+d+a+16d=40
2a+17d=40--------------------------1
CASE 2(sum)
a1=a+d
18 term=a18=a+17d
a+d+a+17d=43
2a+18d=43--------------------------2
[solve 1 and 2}
2a+17d=40
(-)2a+(-)18d=(-)43
17d-18d=40-43
-d=-3
d=3
substitute d=3 in equation 1
2a+17(3)=40
2a+51=40
2a= -11
a=-11/2
a) common difference=3
b) sum of 7 and 11 term = a7+a11
a+6d+a+10d
-11/2+6(3)+-11/2+10(3)
-11/2+18+-11/2+30
-11/2+36/2+-11/2+60/2
25/2+49/2
74/2=37
c) 9 term =a9=a+8d
-11/2+24
-11/2+48/2
=27/2
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