Question

what is the cause of dispersion of white light on passing through a prism​

Answer 1

White light consists seven colours :VIBGYOR.

These colours have different wavelengths and thus when white light passes through prism speed of different colors reduce by different constant and hence these colours deviate by different angles.

Different angle of deviation is because of different speeds after multiple refraction.

Hence different colours take different paths forming a spectrum.

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Answer 2

Answer:

The refractive index of the material of a prism is very different for other others colours of the light due to having different speed in the material of a prism to different colours. Also, prism has non-parallel surfaces.