What is the difference between pentane and cyclopentane and pentene? I am confused because the formula for pentane is C5H12but for cyclopentane is C5H10 , so should not cyclopentane be same as penteneas they have the same formula?
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The structure of pentane is like this-
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
A carbon at always needs 4 electrons to complete it's octet because of its electronic configuration 2,4. So it would form a long chain of 5 carbon atoms where every carbon atom would form a single bond between another carbon atom and to get the remaining electrons tge carbon atoms would bond with hydrogen atoms.
For cyclopentene's structure I have attached a pic.
You will see that it forms a cyclic structure and it's formula is C5H10 because in this case each carbon atom would from single bond with two carbon atoms rather than which was the case in Pentane.
And for pentene
One carbon atom would form double bond with another carbon atom and remaining carbon atoms would form only single bond. This is because 'ene' represents double bond. And since a number is not mentioned whic carbon atom will form double bond by default we would assume it to be the first carbon atom. So it can form either of the two structures and both are correct.
CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH3
or
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
A carbon at always needs 4 electrons to complete it's octet because of its electronic configuration 2,4. So it would form a long chain of 5 carbon atoms where every carbon atom would form a single bond between another carbon atom and to get the remaining electrons tge carbon atoms would bond with hydrogen atoms.
For cyclopentene's structure I have attached a pic.
You will see that it forms a cyclic structure and it's formula is C5H10 because in this case each carbon atom would from single bond with two carbon atoms rather than which was the case in Pentane.
And for pentene
One carbon atom would form double bond with another carbon atom and remaining carbon atoms would form only single bond. This is because 'ene' represents double bond. And since a number is not mentioned whic carbon atom will form double bond by default we would assume it to be the first carbon atom. So it can form either of the two structures and both are correct.
CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH3
or
CH3-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2
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