Question

What is the difference between the chemical composition of soaps and detergts? State in brief the cleansing action of soaps with diagram. Why soaps are not considered suitable for washing where water is hard?

Answer 1

Soaps are sodium or potassium salts of long chain hydrocarbons of vegetable fats.

Detergents are ammonium or nitrate salts of long chain hydrocarbons of animal fatty acids.

The soaps clean using the formation of micelles.

Soaps produce sc um when they are dissolved in hard water due to the presence of dissolved magnesium and calcium in the water.

Detergents produce lather (foam) even in hard water.


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