what is the efficiency of geothermal power plant
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The conversion efficiency of geothermal power developments is generally lower than that of all conventional thermal power plants. Confusion can be found in literature concerning the estimation of this conversion efficiency. Geothermal power plants conversion efficiency estimates that is based on the enthalpy of the produced geothermal fluid can be the most desirable for use during the first estimates of power potential of new wells and for resource estimation studies.
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An average conversion efficiency of 12% of geothermal power plant. The efficiency of geothermal power plants is lower than all thermal plants.
Explanation:
- Geothermal power plants mainly divided into two groups: steam and binary power cycles.
- These cycles are operated at high geothermal fluid enthalpy. The single flash cycle will contain only one expansion valve through which the geothermal fluid will expand, and one separator to separate the vapor from the liquid.
- This separation occurs at constant temperature and pressure. The vapor will be generated, should sent to a steam turbine to produce electricity while the liquid re-injected back to the ground.
- For the flash steam power plants, the geothermal fluid in the well is above 182 °C. Flash steam power plant uses a condenser to condense the steam leaving the turbine. Then re-inject it into the ground.
- The highest reported conversion efficiency of geothermal power plant is approximately 21%. The use of binary plants has allowed the use of energy from fluid with enthalpy as low as 306 kJ/kg therefore, resulting net conversion efficiency of about 1%.
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