Question

What is the first , second and third ionisation enthalpies for carbon?

Answer 1

Second ionisation energy is defined by the equation:It is the energy needed to remove a second electron from each ion in 1 mole of gaseous 1+ ions to give gaseous 2+ ions.More ionisation energiesYou can then have as many successive ionisation energies as there are electrons in the original atom.The first four ionisation energies of aluminium, for example, are given by1st I.E. = 577 kJ mol-12nd I.E. = 1820 kJ mol-13rd I.E. = 2740 kJ mol-14th I.E. = 11600 kJ mol-1In order to form an Al3+(g) ion from Al(g) you would have to supply:577 + 1820 + 2740 = 5137 kJ mol-1That's a lot of energy.
hope it will help