What is the function of lh hormones
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The
luteinizing hormone - often abbreviated to LH - is an important hormone
produced in the pituitary gland. The pituitary gland is an endocrine
organ that is found at the bottom of the brain.Since
LH is not produced in the gonads (i.e. testicles and ovaries) it is not
considered a sex hormone; also it’s not a steroid hormone which every
sex hormone is. Most often though it’s considered part of the sex
hormones just because its functions are mainly happening around the
genital area.Correctly, they belong the a group of hormones called gonadotropins.Anyways, the effect of LH simply put is: Synthesis and secretion of androgen and estrogen.To
get into more detail we have to include another important hormone: FSH -
the follicle stimulating hormone. Many effects happen through team work
between LH and FSH; for simplicity I will only talk of LH in the next
section, bear in mind that FSH usually interacts with these processes
too.In females:In
the first half of the menstruation cycle, LH stimulates the ovaries (to
be precise the theca cells) to synthesize estrogen. In the middle of
the cycle the LH production spikes which triggers the ovulation and
initiates the production of the corpus luteum (“yellow body”).
The corpus luteum emerges from the ovarian follicle and produces
progesterone - a very important sex and pregnancy hormone. The progress
of the follicle to become the corpus luteum is called luteinization and is the reason the hormone is called LH.The
FSH also stimulates the estrogen production in a different way by
activating enzymes that break down testosterone into estrogen. On top of
that FSH is responsible to keep the egg cell alive and nourished.A
little fact: When it comes to a pregnancy, a hormone that is very
similar to the structure of LH, called hCG (human chorionic
gonadotropin) will take over. The hCG comes from the placenta and is
used for pregnancy tests.In males:The
LH stimulates the so-called Leydig cells found in the testicle to
produce testosterone. Testosterone has a lot of functions, some of which
are the puberty vocal change, growth in height, penis growth and growth
of body hair.Now if it wasn’t for FSH which reacts in the Sertolli cells of the testicle, the body wouldn’t be able to produce the androgen-binding protein (ABP). Without ABP testosterone couldn’t enable spermatogenesis, a crucial part of the maturation process of sperm.Another
fact: Together ABP (that comes from FSH) and testosterone (that comes
from LH) initiate the growth of the scrotum. There are cases of
pubescent boys with normal male anatomy except for a very small scrotum;
this is a signal of something going wrong in the FSH pathway.Regulation:I
think this is nice to know: Hormones normally interact through a
feedback system. So LH (and FSH) are regulated by what they produce
through their stimulation. When testosterone or estrogen levels go up,
LH (and FSH) levels go down and vice versa.
Of course, other hormones like cortisol, insulin, etc. can have an impact on the levels of the gonadotropins and sex steroids.Thank you very much and excuse my typos
Of course, other hormones like cortisol, insulin, etc. can have an impact on the levels of the gonadotropins and sex steroids.Thank you very much and excuse my typos
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Answer:
Luteinising hormone (LH) :
- LH has different functions in males and females.
In males:-
- LH stimulates testes to synthesise and secrete androgens (testosterone).
- It activates Leydig cells of the testes to secrete testosterone.
In females:-
- LH stimulates corpus luteum of the ovary to secrete progesterone.
- It stimulates the ovulation from fully matured Graafian follicles and also maintains the corpus luteum formed from the remnants of Graafian follicles after ovulation.
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