Question

What is the hybridisation in the central atom of h3o+ and predict geometry

Answer 1

hybridization of h3o+ is sp3 and it's geometry is tetrahedral.

Answer 2

Answer: The hybridisation in the central atom of $H_3O^+$ is $sp^3$ and geometry is trigonal pyramidal.

Explanation:

Formula used  :

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}[V+N-C+A]$

where,

V = number of valence electrons present in central atom  = 6

N = number of monovalent atoms bonded to central atom  = 3

C = charge of cation  = +1

A = charge of anion  = 0

Now we have to determine the hybridization of the $H_3O^+$  molecules.

$\text{Number of electrons}=\frac{1}{2}\times [6+3-1]=4$

Bond pair electrons = 3

Lone pair electrons = 4 - 3 = 1

The number of electrons are 4  that means the hybridization will be $sp^3$ and the electronic geometry of the molecule will be tetrahedral.

But as there are three atoms around the central oxygen atom, the fourth position will be occupied by lone pair of electrons.The repulsion between lone and bond pair of electrons is more and hence the molecular geometry will be trigonal pyramidal.

Hence, the hybridisation in the central atom of $H_3O^+$ is $sp^3$ and geometry is trigonal pyramidal.