What is the meaning of matrix and types of matrix in maths?
Answers
A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers. The size or dimension of a matrix is defined by the number of rows and columns it contains. Matrices is plural for matrix. The following diagrams give some of examples of the types of matrices
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A matrix is a rectangular array of numbers. The size or dimension of a matrix is defined by the number of rows and columns it contains. Matrices is plural for matrix.
A row matrix is a matrix with only one row.
Example: E is a row matrix of order 1 × 1
Example: B is a row matrix of order 1 × 3
A column matrix is a matrix with only one column.
Example: C is a column matrix of order 1 × 1
A column matrix of order 2 ×1 is also called a vector matrix.
Example: D is a column matrix of order 2 × 1
A zero matrix or a null matrix is a matrix that has all its elements zero.
Example: O is a zero matrix of order 2 × 3
A square matrix is a matrix with an equal number of rows and columns.
Example: T is a square matrix of order 2 × 2
Example: V is a square matrix of order 3 × 3
A diagonal matrix is a square matrix that has all its elements zero except for those in the diagonal from top left to bottom right; which is known as the leading diagonal of the matrix.
Example: B is a diagonal matrix.
A scalar matrix is a diagonal matrix where all the diagonal elements are equal. For example:
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An upper triangular matrix is a square matrix where all the elements located below the diagonal are zeros. For example:
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A lower triangular matrix is a square matrix where all the elements located above the diagonal are zeros. For example:
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A unit matrix is a diagonal matrix whose elements in the diagonal are all ones.
Example: P is a unit matrix.
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