Question

what is the primary cause for the horizontal motion of air over earth's surface

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Answer 1

Answer:

There are four controls on the horizontal movement of air near the earth's surface: the pressure-gradient force, the Coriolis force, centripetal acceleration, and frictional forces. The primary cause of air movement is the development of a horizontal pressure gradient through spatial differences in surface heating and consequent changes in air density and pressure. The fact that such a gradient can persist (rather than being destroyed by air motion towards the low pressure) results from the effect of the earth's rotation in giving rise to the Coriolis force.

Explanation:

The movement of air through Earth's -- or any planet's -- atmosphere is called wind, and the main cause of Earth's winds is uneven heating by the sun. This uneven heating causes changes of atmospheric pressure, and winds blow from regions with high pressure to those with low pressure. This happens on a local scale to produce storms as well as gentle breezes, and it happens on a planet-wide scale to produce global wind patterns.

Atmospheric Pressure

Winds are a result of the tendency of warm air to rise and, conversely, cool air to sink. When the sun's energy heats up a part of the ground or the sea and the heat radiates into the air, the air rises, creating a low pressure area underneath it. Because the atmosphere constantly flows, like a fluid in a container, air rushes into such low pressure areas from cooler, high-pressure ones, and the movement of the air creates wind. The strength of the wind depends on the pressure difference. A small difference produces a gentle breeze, while a large difference may produce a gale.

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Answer 2

Answer:

What is the main cause of wind movement? Wind is the movement of air caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun. Warm equatorial air rises higher into the atmosphere and migrates toward the poles. ... At the same time, cooler, denser air moves over Earth's surface toward the Equator to replace the heated air

Explanation:

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