Question

What is the role of the following in regulation of kidney function i)hypothalamus ii)JGA iii)ANF​

Answer 1

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The role of the following in regulation of kidney function :

$\sf\underline\red{i) Hypothalamus:}$

ADH stimulates reabsorption of water from the distal parts of the tubules and thereby preventing the water loss and diuresis. In case of sufficient body fluid, osmoreceptors are switched off hence ADH release is suppressed.

$\sf\underline\red{ii)JGA:}$

JGA is known as Renin-Angiotensin mechanism. Angiotensin II also stimulates the release of aldosterone from adrenal cortex gland, which facilitates reabsorption of sodium ion and water from the distal parts of the tubule and also and causes an increase in glomerular blood pressure and GFR.

$\sf\underline\red{iii)ANF}$

The critical regulation of the body's salt, potassium and acid content is performed by the kidneys. The kidneys also produce hormones that affect the function of other organs. For example, a hormone produced by the kidneys stimulates red blood cell production.

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Answer 2

Answer:

OVERVIEW :-

The functioning of kidney is effeciently monitored and regulated by hormonal feedback machanism involving hypothalamus, JGA, ANF and some times heart.

1) HYPOTHALAMUS :-

• the key role of the hypothalamus in the control of water-salt homeostasis and the production of renal hormons

2)JGA

• The juxtaglomerular apparatus is the location of renin-secreting cells and the macula densa and lies at the junction between the loop of Henle and the distal nephron at which the tubule comes in close proximity to the afferent arteriole.

• The juxtaglomerular apparatus is a specialized structure formed by the distal convoluted tubule and the glomerular afferent arteriole. It is located near the vascular pole of the glomerulus and its main function is to regulate blood pressure and the filtration rate of the glomerulus.

3) ANF

• Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a 28 amino acid polypeptide hormone secreted mainly by the heart atria in response to atrial stretch. ANF acts on the kidney to increase sodium excretion and GFR, to antagonize renal vasoconstriction, and to inhibit renin secretion.
• Atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) is a peptide released by the atria in response to increased atrial pressure or distension. ANF causes arterial vasodilation and natriuresis in man, and may contribute to the polyuria noted during tachycardia

⛔NONEXISTENT ⛔