What is the rules of active and passive voice in english grammar?
Answers
Explanation:
To change active into passive first you have to find the object of active sentence and it will be your subject in passive voice and you have to change your tense according to what tense has been used in active sentence so uhh have to change it by following the rule of next tense then use by and then write the subject of active voice as object of passive voice
There two type of voice - Active and Passive.
In Active Voice, the verb agrees the subject. It means the subject is active.
In Passive Voice, the verb agrees the object. It means the subject is passive.
Some Common Rules for Active and Passive Voice -
1. Subject is changed in to Passive Voice and vice versa.
2. Pronouns get changed when they change their positions in the following way -
I ↔ Me
We ↔ Us
You ↔ You
He ↔ Him
She ↔ Her
It ↔ It
They ↔ Them
Only Verb III is used in Passive Constructions.
Active and Passive Voice Related with Tense -
Present Indefinite -
Active Voice - Sub + V1+ s/es + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + is/am/are/ V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
She helps the poor.
The poor are helped by her.
Past Indefinite Tense -
Active Voice - Sub + V2 + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + was/were + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
They played football in the evening.
Football was played by them in the evening.
Future Indefinite -
Active Voice - Sub + will/shall + V1 + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + will/shall + be + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
We will take lunch now.
Lunch shall be taken by us now.
Present Continuous -
Active Voice - Sub + is/am/are + V1+ ing + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + is/am/are + being + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
She is singing a beautiful song this time.
A beautiful song is being sung by her this time.
Voice of Past Continuous Tense -
Active Voice - Sub + was/were + V1+ ing + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + was/were + being + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
The teacher was reading newspaper.
Newspaper was being read by the teacher.
Future Continuous -
Active Voice - Sub + will/shall + be + V1+ ing + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + will/shall + be + being + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
They will be playing chess this time.
Chess will be being played by them this time.
Present Perfect -
Active Voice - Sub + has/have + V3 + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + has/have + been + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
Children have taken their breakfast.
The breakfast has been taken by children.
Past Perfect -
Active Voice - Sub + had + V3 + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + had + been + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
I had written a poem.
A poem had been written by me.
Future Perfect -
Active Voice - Sub + will/shall+ have + V3 + Obj .
Passive Voice - Obj + will/shall+have + been + V3+ by + Sub.
Examples -
She will have completed her home work.
The home work will have been completed by her.
Present Perfect Continuous -
Active Voice - Sub + has/have + been + V1 + ing + Obj + since/for +time .
Passive Voice - Obj + has/have + been + being + V3+ by + Sub + since+for +time.
Examples -
Rudra has been watching TV since Morning.
TV has been being watched by Rudra since morning.
Past Perfect Continuous -
Active Voice - Sub + had + been + V1 + ing + Obj + since/for +time .
Passive Voice - Obj + had + been + being + V3+ by + Sub + since+for +time.
Examples -
She had been cooking food for two hours.
Food had been being cooked by her for two hours.
Future Perfect Continuous -
Active Voice - Sub + will/ shall+ have + been + V1 + ing + Obj + since/for +time .
Passive Voice - Obj + will/shall + have + been + being + V3+ by + Sub + since+for +time.
They will have been writing a novel for two months.
A novel will have been being written by them for two months.
Rule No 2 - Voice Related with Modals -
Active Voice - Sub + any Modal + V 1 + Obj.
Passive Voice - Obj + same Modal + be + V 3 + by + sub.
Examples -
Rudra can speak English.
English can be spoken by Rudra.
You need not read this book.
The book need not be read by you.
Rule No 3 - Sentences with W-H Families ( Interrogative Sentences ) -
Active Voice - What are you doing here ?
Passive Voice - What is being done by you here ?
Rules of changing some Interrogative Pronouns -
Who is changed in to By whom
Whom in to Who
How many in to By how many
In some cases What into By what.
Rest of the Interrogative Pronouns remain unchanged.
Some more examples -
How many people attended the party ?
By how many people was the party attended ?
What brings you here?
By what are you brought here ?
Rule No - 4
Structure -
It is time to + v1+ obj. - Active Voice
It is time for obj + to + be + v3. - Passive Voice
Examples
It is time to tale tea.
It is time for tea to be taken.