Question

What is water potential and solute potential

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Water potential is the potential energy of water per unit volume relative to pure water in reference conditions. Water potential quantifies the tendency of water to move from one area to another due to osmosis, gravity, mechanical pressure, or matrix effects such as capillary action

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Answer 2

NCERT based Answer for Class 11 Biology Students

Water potential:

 Water molecules possess kinetic energy. Greater the concentration of water in system, greater is its kinetic energy or water potential.

 Pure water has the greatest water potential.

 If two systems containing water are in contact, water molecules will move from the system with higher water potential (higher energy) to the system having lower water potential (lower energy).

 Water potential is denotes by Greek symbol “Psi” or Ψ.

Two main components that determine water potential are:

(1) Solute potential

(2) Pressure potential

Solute potential / osmotic potential:

 If some solute is dissolved in pure water, the solution has fewer free water molecules, as a result concentration of water decreases, reducing its water potential.

 Thus, lowering of water potential due to presence of a solute particles in a solution is called solute potential (Ψs).  

 Hence, all solutions have lower water potential than pure water and Ψs is always negative.

 The more the solute molecules, the lower (more negative) is the solute potential.

Pressure potential/ hydrostatic pressure:

 Pressure potential is the pressure which develops in an osmotic system due to entry of water. It is denoted by Ψp.

 The positive hydrostatic pressure which develops in a plant cell due to entry of water into it, is called turgor pressure.

 Loss of water from a plant cell produces a negative hydrostatic pressure or tension. It develops in xylem due to loss of water during transpiration. This plays very important role in translocation of materials over long distances in plants.

 Water potential of a cell is affected by both solute and pressure potential. The relationship between them is as follows:

                                                 Ψw = Ψs + Ψp

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