What kind of information system is illustrated in this case study and what are their functions?
Answers
Answer:
Information systems are made up of five different functions: input, storage, processing, output and feedback loop.
1. Input
Input is done in two parts, the input of information that is stored, processed and then forms the basis of the output of the system, the user must also tell the system what kind of analysis they want from the system. This part is done by the IT department and is not available to users.
2. Storage
When data is stored it is stored at the highest detailed level possible, the IT department will make regular backups of the data, at least one copy of the backup should be stored separately in case of a disaster.
3. Processing
This step is where the data get turned into information, it could range from adding values to make a total for items sold by a supermarket in a certain period of time, to complex calculations done by a computer program that can adapt to missing information or select different criteria that maybe included or excluded.
4. Output
Output can be displayed in either a graphical or textual format:
Graphical is often best for trying to understand trends from the information and is a better format to present information to the management. Textual is best for when the information needs to be analyzed for specific details and to find exact values. They can both be used together, graphical can be used to focus on details and textual can be used to focus on smaller details.
5. Feedback Loop
Feedback loops are the results of the use of the outputted information. This can either be a direct effect or lead to something which will benefit the organisation in the future.